Surface Active Properties of Reaction Products between p-Chlorophenol-Formaldehyde Addition Condensates and γ-Butyrolactone

Tin-catalyzed conversion of biomass-derived triose sugar and formaldehyde to α-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone.

The direct conversion of biomass-derived 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and formaldehyde to α-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone (HBL) was achieved through the use of tin(iv) chloride and a small amount of water and the yield reached up to 70%. The reaction mechanism was also investigated by incorporating d2-formaldehyde into the reaction mixtures.

Dehydroxymethylation: an unusual reverse reaction of nucleophilic addition to formaldehyde

An unusual dehydroxymethylation has been observed in an acyclic primary alcoholic system. The relief of steric congestion is considered as the primary driving force in this reaction. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. The nucleophilic additions of carbon nucleophiles to aldehydes or ketones are highly favourable processes. Nucleophilic addition of carbon anion to a carbonyl group is normal...

The reaction between histidine and formaldehyde.

Degradation of 2-Chlorophenol from Wastewater Using γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles

In this study, magnetic nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3) were used for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol (CP) from wastewater. The size of these magnetic nanoparticles was measured using XRD and found to be about  

some properties of fuzzy hilbert spaces and norm of operators

in this thesis, at first we investigate the bounded inverse theorem on fuzzy normed linear spaces and study the set of all compact operators on these spaces. then we introduce the notions of fuzzy boundedness and investigate a new norm operators and the relationship between continuity and boundedness. and, we show that the space of all fuzzy bounded operators is complete. finally, we define...